Wednesday, December 5, 2012

Hart Study: Motives for High School and Undergraduate College Students Using Facebook


While digital media and mobile devices provide an undeniable practical function, communication scholars have become increasingly interested in their social function. The Hart Study is no exception. The Hart study compared the  behavioral and attitudinal outcomes of high school students to resulted behavioral and attitudinal outcomes of undergraduate college students. At the core of this change is the increasingly complex notion of self-identity and relationships. With its ability to transcend time and space, digital communication divorces the mental self from the physical self. 
As a result, “self- identity is no longer one-dimensional and stable; rather the self exists in multiple planes of existence” (Hart). Hart continues by stating that the Internet and social media are in large part responsible for extending such “planes of existence”. Through using online profiles, media users can engage in identity-construction: building profiles to virtually represent one’s identity. “Profile creators construct narratives of idealized selves, and the coherence of these narratives are ensured through a multitude of impression management features” (Hart). So rather than a online identity that accurately reflects one’s true self, users strategically select visual and textual data and project attitudes and preferences consistent with how they would like to be perceived (Hart). Mobile devices, particularly today’s “smartphones,” grant users unlimited access to their online identities. Together, digital media and mobile media devices have the combined power to keep media users in constant contact with their social networks. 
The results of the Hart study showed that high school students were motivated to visit Facebook to pass time. In contrast, relationship maintenance was the most prominent motive of undergraduate college students to visit Facebook. The amount of Facebook use, frequency of Facebook use, satisfaction with Facebook, and attachment to Facebook were not notably different between the high school and Undergraduate students tested. Two of The descriptors with the biggest contrast included the duration of Facebook use and amount of Facebook friends. In addition, undergraduate college students had been using Facebook for a longer period than high school students, which is something to keep in mind. Additionally, high school students had significantly more friends on Facebook than undergraduate college students.

Hart, Michael J. "A Study on the Motives of High School and Undergraduate College Students for using the Social Network Site Facebook." Liberty University, 2010. United States –Virginia: Dissertations and Theses A&I: The Humanities and Social Sciences Collection;ProQuest Dissertations & Theses (PQDT). 

1 comment:

  1. Really interesting post. I kind of wonder whether Facebook users as a whole have trended more towards cultivating online identities versus passing time (regardless of age), and whether Facebook has been motivating one pursuit over the other with the features they've introduced and redesigns they've done over the years.

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